The fully non-inductive sustainment of high normalized beta plasmas (betaN) is a crucial challenge for the steady-state operation of a tokamak reactor. In order to assess the difficulties facing such scenarios, steady-state regimes have been explored on the tokamak à configuration variable (TCV) using the newly available 1 MW neutral beam injection (NBI) system. The operating space is extended towards plasmas that are closer to those expected in JT-60SA and ITER, i.e. with significant NBI and electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive (ECRH/CD), bootstrap current and fast ion (FI) fraction. BetaN values up to 1.4 and 1.7 are obtained in lower single null L-mode (H98(y,2)~0.8) and H-mode (H98(y,2)~1) plasmas, respectively, at zero time averaged loop voltage and q95~6. Fully non-inductive operation is not achieved with NBI alone, whose injection can even increase the loop voltage in the presence of EC waves. A strong contribution to the total plasma pressure of thermal and FIs from NBI is experimentally evidenced and confirmed by interpretative ASTRA and NUBEAM modeling, which further predicts that FI charge-exchange reactions are the main loss channel for NBH/CD efficiency. Internal transport barriers, which are expected to maximize the bootstrap current fraction, are not formed in either the electron or the ion channel in the plasmas explored to date, despite a significant increase in the toroidal rotation and FI fraction with NBI, which are known to reduce turbulence. First results on scenario development of high-betaN fully non-inductive H-mode plasmas are also presented.
Extension of the operating space of high-betaN fully non-inductive scenarios on TCV using neutral beam injection
Piron C.; Garcia J.; Agostini M.; Fontana M.; Giruzzi G.; Gobbin M.; Goodman T.P.; Karpushov A.N.; Kong M.; Merle A.; Morales J.; Nowak S.; Pigatto L.; Sauter O.; Testa D.; Vallar M.; Yoshida M.
ID | 407330 |
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DOI | 10.1088/1741-4326/ab2bb6 |
PRODUCT TYPE | Journal Article |
LAST UPDATE | 2021-04-10T18:42:40Z |
EU PROJECT | EUROfusion |
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TITLE | Implementation of activities described in the Roadmap to Fusion during Horizon 2020 through a Joint programme of the members of the EUROfusion consortium |
FOUNDING PROGRAM | H2020 |